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动词过去式过去分词不规则变化表(动词的过去式和过去分词的变化规则)

发布于:2023-12-14 15:46:07 来源:互联网

动词变化规则

一般动词直接加-ed,例如:look-looked;

以e结尾的动词直接加-d,例如:dance-danced;

辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i再加ed,例如:study-studied;

以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母加-ed,例如:skip-skipped;

以c结尾的动词,要变c为ck,再加-ed;

以l结尾的动词,若以非重读音节结尾,则末尾的字母双写与不双写均可。其中不双写的是美式拼写。例如:travel-travelled/traveled(美);

部分以-p结尾的动词同样遵循第5条,这类词多由“前缀+名词”构成。例如:worship-worshipped/worshiped(美)、handicap-handicapped/handicaped(美)。

注:英语26个字母中,除了a,e,i,o,u 这几个元音字母外,其他都是辅音字母。

不规则动词变化

动词过去式与原形相同;

动词过去式以-ought或-aught结尾的单词;

动词过去式由原形结尾的-end变为-ent;

动词过去式以-elt,-eft,-ept结尾;

动词过去式与原形比较,其中一个元音字母发生改变;

动词过去式以-ew结尾;

动词过去式-ee-变为-e-。

动词过去式

不规则动词过去式

is-was

are-were  am-was  go-went  do,does-did  bring-brought  make-made  have-had  run-ran  tell-told  eat-ate  get-got  draw-drew  put -put  read-read  take-took  die-died  see-saw

fly-flew

cut-cut

meet-met

tell-told

build-built

lend-lent

lose-lost

hear-heard

buy-bought

choose-chose

forget-forgot

sink-sank

sing-sang

begin-began

ring-rang

drink-drank

draw-drew

lie-lay

wear-wore

know-knew

teach-taught  swim-swam

stand-stood

keep-kept

think-thought

规则动词:  call,live,walk,talk,jump,use,plant,want,water,play,stop,study,visit,learn(learned/learnt)。

其他变化

1.原形-过去式-过去分词全相同

cost——cost——cost 价值

cut——cut——cut 切,割,砍

hit——hit——hit 打

hurt——hurt——hurt 伤害

read/ri:d/——read/red/——read/red/ 读

put——put——put 放

let——let——let 让

shut——shut——shut 关

2. 过去分词与原形相同,过去式改o/u为a

become—became—become 变得,成为

come—came—come 来

run—ran—run 跑

3. 原形-过去式-过去分词是i-a-u的变化

begin—began—begun 开始

drink---drank—drunk 喝

ring---rang—rung 打电话

sing---sang---sung 唱(歌)

swim---swam---swum 游泳

4. 过去分词在原形后加-en

eat—ate---eaten 吃

fall---fell—fallen 落下;跌倒

5. 过去式和过去分词都去掉原形的一个e

feed---fed—fed 喂养,饲养

meet---met---met 碰到,见面,会面

6. 过去分词在原形后加-n

blow—blew—blown 吹

grow—grew—grown 种植;生长

throw---threw---thrown 投;掷;扔

know---knew——known知道;懂得;认为

draw—drew—drawn 画

fly--- flew---flown飞

see --- saw --- seen 看见,看到

show---showed---shown 出示;给...看

give--- gave ---given 给

drive---drove---driven 驾驶

take---took---taken 拿去;带去

7. 过去分词以-en结尾

bite--- bit --- bitten 咬

ride---rode---ridden 骑(车,马等)

write---wrote---written 写

hold---held---holden 握住

break---broke---broken 弄坏,弄破

choose--chose--chosen 选择

speak---spoke---spoken 讲话;演讲

wake---woke---woken 使...醒来;弄醒

forget---forgot---forgotten 忘记

get---got---gotten 得到

hide---hid---hidden 躲,藏

8. 过去分词以-ne结尾

do --- did --- done 做,干

go --- went --- gone 去

9.过去式与过去分词都有aught结尾

catch---caught ---caught 捉住;抓住

teach---taught---taught 教

10.过去式和过去分词都以-ought结尾

bring---brought---brought 拿来;带来

buy ---bought ---bought 买

fight---fought---fought 打架;打仗

think---thought--thought 想;认为

seek---sought--sought寻求

11.

dig ---dug ---dug 挖

get ---got---got 得到;获得

sit --- sat --- sat 坐下

hold---held ---held 举行;握住

shine --- shone --- shone 照耀

say--- said ---said 说

pay---paid---paid 付账;为...付款

make---made---made 制造;制作

tell --- told --- told 告诉

sell---sold---sold 卖

stand --- stood --- stood 站立

understand-understood-understood 明白;理解

find --- found --- found 发现

12. 过去式和过去分词都在原形后加d或t

hear--heard--heard 听见;听说

mean --meant--meant 意思是

13. 过去式和过去分词都以elt,eft或ept结尾

feel --- felt --- felt 感觉

keep --- kept --- kept 保持

sleep---slept---slept 睡觉

leave --- left --- left 离开

14 .

have --- had --- had 有

lose --- lost --- lost 丢失;迷失

build---built---built 建造;建设

send --- sent --- sent 寄;送

lend---lent---lent 借

spend --- spent --- spent 花费(时间,金钱)

15.

lie --- lay --- lain 躺;位于

wear --- wore --- worn 穿;戴

be ---was, were --- been 是

16. 只有过去式

can --- could 能

may --- might 可能,也许

shall---should 将要

will---would 将要

17. 过去式和过去分词均有两个

burn-burned/burnt-burned/burnt 燃烧

dream-dreamed/dreamt-dreamed/dreamt 做梦;梦见

learn-learned/learnt-learned/learnt 学会

smell--smelled/smelt--smelled/smelt 闻

spell--spelled/spelt--spelled/spelt 拼写

Be动词的一般过去时

内容在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词, am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were

肯定句式:主语 + be(was , were) + 其它.

否定句式:主语 + be(was , were) + not + 其它.

一般疑问句:Be(was , were) + 主语 + 其它?

注:在这种构成中,be动词有人称和数的变化,即要根据主语选用was / were。Be动词分为单数和复数,was是表示单数,were是表示复数。

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